Digital Cameras have become a common site wherever you go. If you're
getting ready to purchase your first digital camera, or maybe you're
looking to replace one you already have, it is best to familiarize
yourself with the knowledge of what makes one digital camera different
from another and choose the one that is right for you. In this article
we'll cover one of the most significant factors in picture quality. This
is the "digital film."
Just like with a film camera, the digital
camera has a lens which brings light into focus on a bed of light
sensitive material. In the digital camera, that light sensitive material
is a circuit bed called a "CCD." The CCD plays the same role as film in
a film camera and the lens allows light to fall onto the CCD which is
then converted into a digital image. The quality of the lens can make a
significant difference in the clarity of that image. Very cheap digital
cameras may even use a piece of plastic as the lens, which will usually
have an uneven surface and light transmission. This will be noticeable
in the picture but may not be an issue for a security camera or a web
cam. Better quality digital cameras will have ground-glass lens and
high-end digital cameras will even have interchangeable lenses as do
high-end film cameras. The lens still plays the important role of
bringing light clearly to the CCD surface for a distortion free picture.
A
CCD also provides an interesting advantage to the digital camera. It is
possible to automatically adjust light sensitivity to improve contrast,
shoot in dim light, or even take black and white, sepia or infrared and
ultraviolet light pictures with the touch of a button. Because any of
these images are stored as the same data on the memory card, a digital
camera can offer unsurpassed versatility without the need to change film
types. Not all digital cameras have these features built in, but they
are options you may see in some cameras. While the possibilities are
cool, ask yourself if you that is a feature you need in a digital
camera.
With digital cameras, CCD is a grid of light sensitive
points which capture the image for conversion into a digital image. The
number of points on the CCD is measured in terms of "mega pixels." The
mega pixel rating is a completely new bit of terminology and is unique
to the digital camera. The mega pixel rating is a measure of the
resolution of the camera, or its ability to store details of am image.
For example, a digital camera with a maximum resolution of 1280 by 768
pixels (dots) comes out to a total of 983,040 pixels with which to
describe the digital image. As each mega pixel represents one million
pixels, we can see this isn't even one mega pixel. Some digital cameras
have mega pixel ratings at 5.1 and even 7.1 mega pixels. What does this
mean to you? The more pixels the more detail stored. If the image is
going to be viewed on a screen or a TV, this isn't very meaningful
because video displays have resolutions which are usually well below one
mega pixel. However, when printing on a high quality photo printer, the
difference between a 3 mega pixel digital camera and a 5 mega pixel
digital camera can be very obvious.
Some people will try to
evaluate a mega pixel rating by how large a print can be made from the
digital camera's image. The truth is that any digital image can be
printed to any size. The real issue is what it looks like. Most people
print their film to 4x6 prints and many are now doing the same with
their digital cameras. Ask to see printed samples of pictures which are
like the type you would normally take and compare the same prints
between different cameras. Many stores will try to dazzle you with
colorful still life images of piles of multi-colored fruits and hot air
balloons. Do you take pictures like that? Probably not, so perhaps
they're not the best images to be scrutinizing. If you take pictures of
friends standing around, use each camera to take pictures of people
standing around. Then use a demonstration printer at the store to make
prints and look at the results. Do you see little dots in the middle of
solid colors? Does the image look like it was taken with a poor quality
film camera? Don't seek out the digital camera that happens to take
perfect pictures in a perfect setting, contrived by the marketing
department of the digital camera's manufacturer. Look for the digital
camera that takes pictures you like in the settings in which you most
commonly find yourself.
Another issue to consider is that some
digital cameras are designed for "point and click" use while other
cameras are designed with lots of settings which must be manipulated for
optimal results. In my personal experience, I have found that Kodak
makes digital cameras which are ideally suited for simple "point and
click" use and consistently take great looking pictures in a wide
variety of settings. I have also personally found that digital cameras
from Nikon work best when you set them to "manual" and do not rely on
the automatic settings. This seems to be true of their film cameras as
well. Does this make one digital camera better than another? Only if one
fits your needs and skills, and the other does not.
There are
many magazines available on digital cameras today. Most recognize these
differences in digital camera quality, based on needs and intended use
of the owner. Before buying your new digital camera, pick up a few of
these magazines and familiarize yourself with the latest reviews.
Remember that the pros and cons are still written "through the lens" of
the reviewer. If you see a negative about a digital camera that you
otherwise like, ask yourself if that negative is meaningful to your
needs. Next ask yourself if that negative might be meaningful to your
needs as you become more experienced. If the answer is yes, ask yourself
if you would still be using that camera as a more experienced
photographer in the future or would you perhaps sell it and buy an
entirely new digital camera? It's unlikely that the digital camera you
buy today is going to be the only one you'll ever have. Buy the digital
camera that most reasonably meets your needs and how you normally plan
to take pictures.
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